MATH 225 Week 1 Sampling Data; An Overview of Statistics Notes

MATH225 Sampling Data: An Overview of Statistics An Overview of Statistics Vocabulary: Data: Consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses. Statistics: The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions. Population: The collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are of interest.(every, each, etc.) Sample: A subset of the population. (smaller group) Parameter: A number that describes a population characteristic. Statistic: A number that describes a sample characteristic. Descriptive Statistics: Involves organizing, summarizing, and displaying data. e.g. Tables, charts, averages Inferential Statistics: Involves using sample data to draw conclusions about a population. 895985190924 2750820104©2024 Chamberlain University ©2024 Chamberlain University 1 Example: Determine whether the data set is a population or a sample. Explain your reasoning. The salary of each teacher in a school. Population, because it is a collection of salaries for all teachers in the school. Sample, because it is a collection of salaries for some teachers in the school. Population, because it is a subset of all schools in the city. Sample, because it is a collection of salaries for all teachers in the school but there are other schools. The grade of 5 students in a classroom of 30. Sample, because it is a collection of grades for all students in the classroom, but there are other classrooms. Population, because it is a collection of grades for all students in the classroom. Sample, because the collection of 5 students’ grades is a subset of all students in the class. Population, because it is a subset of all students in the class. Example: In a poll, 1001 adults in a country were asked whether they favor or oppose the use of “federal tax dollars to fund medical research using stem cells obtained from human embryos.” Among the respondents, 48% said that they were in favor. Describe the statistical study. What is the population in the given problem? The 1001 adults selected. 48% of the 1001 adults selected. 48% of the adults in the country All adults in the country. Identify the sample for the given problem. The 1001 adults selected. 48% of the 1001 adults selected. ©2024 Chamberlain University2 48% of the adults in the country All adults in the country. Example: Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. A sample of seniors is selected and it is found that 65% own a television. Statistic because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a population. Statistic because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a sample. Parameter because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a population. Parameter because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a sample. In a study of all 4272 employees at a college, it is found that 65% own a computer. Statistic because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a population. Statistic because the value is a numerical measurement describing a characteristic of