NR 586NP Week 4 Assignment; Application of Epidemiology

The leading cause of death in Mecklenburg county is Cancer with a total of 1,273 compared to its counterpart totalling 1,356 in Wake county (Pe琀琀eway, Kippes , Mushonga , & Hoke, 2020). While both coun琀椀es share similari琀椀es in chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases they are both followed by a di昀昀erent leading prevalence. In Mecklenburg county the next chronic prevalence is Alzheimer’s disease while in Wake county is cerebrovascular disease. Holding the 4th most prevalent condi琀椀on in both reports is repiratory diseases, speci昀椀cally lower respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. d. Discuss the variables that contribute to the noted similari琀椀es and di昀昀erences. In similari琀椀es, cancer achieves the top ranking due to its versa琀椀lity, cancer in all physical diseases which explains why it holds the majority of causes for death. Lack of screening and treatment expenses contribute to many of these deaths. Alzheimer’s while not being fully understood, is commonly contributed to age-related changes in the brain and in Mecklenburg county 12% of the popula琀椀on is older than 65 years of age which increases chances for Alzheimer’s. Both coun琀椀es contribute smoking as the most common variable for lung cancer and respiratory diseases. The 2018 County Health Rankings reported that 14% of Wake County adults smoke every day or most days and have smoked at least 100 cigare琀琀es in their life琀椀me (Pe琀琀eway, Kippes , Mushonga , & Hoke, 2020). Applica琀椀on of the Epidemiological Model a. Select and describe one of the prevalent diseases noted in the previous sec琀椀on. One of the prevalent diseases that most caught my a琀琀en琀椀on during this analysis was cancer, speci昀椀cally lung cancer contributed to nico琀椀ne consump琀椀on. In North Carolina vaping and tobacco products are the most in昀氀uen琀椀al smoking devices across the lifespan. b. Discuss physical and social determinants of health that in昀氀uence the disease process. Many diseases root from gene琀椀c components and health deteriora琀椀on but social in昀氀uence has increased the number of deaths in the country by commercial promo琀椀on of alcohol consump琀椀on and smoking. Lung cancer is considered one of the most common cancers globally. Even though tobacco smoke remains the chief cause of lung cancer, there is increasing concern that E-cigare琀琀e, or vaping, products use could also increase lung cancer risk (Shehata et.al,2023). Nico琀椀ne causes the release of dopamine in the brain, which gives people a good feeling making smoking products highly addic琀椀ve. Social factors such as peer pressure, teenage in昀氀uence, social acceptance and commercial exposure increases its in昀氀uence in the public. Easy access to all these products contribute to its addic琀椀on. 0320 RB/KK One primary preven琀椀on is providing awareness and educa琀椀on on avoiding smoke inhala琀椀on. c. Discuss one secondary preven琀椀on to address the disease. d. Discuss one ter琀椀ary preven琀椀on to address the disease. Ter琀椀ary preven琀椀on for lung cancer is a set of strategies that aim to reduce the incidence of cancer. It can also include preven琀椀on of cancers in disease survivors, such as tobacco cessa琀椀on. A昀琀er remission, preven琀椀on would involve avoiding further damage. Re昀氀ec琀椀on a. Describe how the advanced prac琀椀ce nurse can monitor