NR 326 Week 4 Exam 1 Study Guide; Understanding Mental Health & Illness Concepts

NR 326 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Mental Health and Illness Mental Health Success adaption to stressor from the internal or external environment observed as thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms Mental Illness Maladaptive (inappropriate) responses to stressor from the internal or external environment evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with local cultural norms and interfere with the individual’s social, occupational, and or physical functioning Risk Factors Nature (family history and genetics) Nurture (environment) Factors to Consider Normal vs. abnormal, age, situation/environment, culture, baseline, genetics, Erikson stag Ability to: think rationally, communicate appropriately, learn, grow emotionally, be resilient, have a healthy self-esteem What factors affect this: support system, family influence, cultural beliefs and values, negative influences, environmental perceptions of mental illness, labeling of people The DSM-5 Primary diagnosis: see in clinical and is reason for admission Example: eating disorder Secondary diagnosis: follows primary but isn’t the focus of treatment plan Example: anxiety Affects ability to function and inability to cope with crisis/stressor This is how patients are diagnosed – based on symptoms Defense Mechanism Defense Mechanism Why are they used: respond to conflict, help protect people from anxiety, not feel certain feelings How are they used: adaptative and maladaptive When are they used: hide a variety of thoughts Chronic use is when it becomes a problem Types of Defense Mechanisms Rationalization “justifying”: creating an acceptable reason for unacceptable behavior Example: “I wanted restraints because the nurses need more practice” Example: “I drink when I’m bored because I have nothing else to do” Example: “I failed the test because the questions were stupid” Suppression “stuffing”: stuff feelings – conscious denial and don’t want to deal with it at this moment Example: “I’m not going to talk about that” Example: “I’m not going to focus on planning my wedding because I have to study” Denial “refusing”: to accept reality Example: grief, loss, substance abuse Displacement “shifting”: feelings from one thing to another – taking it out on someone else that isn’t related Example: “boss yells at you and you pick a fight with husband or yell at kids Example: “patient doesn’t get discharged and goes in room and gets into fight with roommate Projection “reverse”: somebody else feels that way to you – not me it’s you Example: patient hates going to group – I don’t want to go to group because everyone hates me Example: romantic feelings for coworker – that coworker is sexually harassing them or coworker like them Altruism “helping”: meeting the needs of others through helping to meet your own self- satisfaction and not dealing with your own issues Example: nurses when they tell people to diet, sleep, and take meds but don’t do it themselves Reaction formation “opposite”: treat the exact opposite of how you feel – kill them with kindness Example: family comes to visits and patient has been complaining about them then acts all happy when they are here Repression “removal”: blocking something out