NR 606 Week 5 Discussion; Case Study - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD).

NR 606 Week 5 Discussion; Client - John Doe, 10 years old Case Study Presentation Client: John Doe, 10 years old Diagnosis: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Symptoms: Characteristics of the body include narrow vermillion borders, short palpebral fissures, and a smooth philtrum. Delays in growth and development, defined as being smaller than the 10th percentile in terms of height, weight, and head circumference. Problems with reading, writing, and arithmetic are examples of learning difficulties. Problems with behavior include impulsivity, hyperactivity, and violence. Deficiencies in executive function include difficulties in planning, organizing, and finding solutions to problems (Vorgias et al, 2023). Medical History: Mother's history of alcohol use during pregnancy Microcephaly and heart abnormalities are examples of congenital malformations. Delays in development include those in speech and language as well as motor skills Educational Background: John is currently in the fourth grade. Reading and mathematics are particularly difficult subjects for him in school. Because of his disruptive behavior in class, he has been expelled from school more than once. Family History: John's biological mother has a history of alcohol abuse. There is no sign of John's father in this image. Treatment Recommendations: Pharmacologic: There are no drugs that have been authorized by the FDA to treat FASD. On the other hand, certain drugs, such as those used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or anxiety, could be of assistance in the treatment of particular symptoms. Anxiolytics (e.g., buspirone) can treat symptoms of anxiety commonly seen in children with an FASD. Antidepressant medications (e.g., sertraline, fluoxetine) can treat depressive symptoms such as sad mood, loss of interest, sleep problems, and anxiety. Stimulants (methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives) are first-line medications primarily used to target symptoms of ADHD common in children with an FASD including but not limited to hyperactivity, inattentiveness, and impulsivity (Peadon et al, 2017). Nonpharmacologic: Early intervention services: These services can help children with FASD develop their skills and reach their full potential. These services include educational and learning strategies, cognitive–behavioral therapy, speech, occupational and physiotherapies and psychos