xNR 607 Quiz Questions & Answers - Collection

A. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) B. Oral corticosteroids C. H2 antagonists D. H1 antagonists **Answer:** D. H1 antagonists **Rationale:** First-line treatment for allergic rhinitis is an H1 antihistamine. --- Question 5: A patient with severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris has been taking isotretinoin for three months. They report experiencing severe headache, vision changes, and vomiting. What action should the healthcare provider take? A. Increase the isotretinoin dose B. Prescribe a stronger analgesic for headache relief C. Discontinue isotretinoin and refer to a neurologist D. Reduce the frequency of isotretinoin administration **Answer:** C. Discontinue isotretinoin and refer to a neurologist **Rationale:** Severe headache + vision changes = possible pseudotumor cerebri → STOP isotretinoin, urgent neuro eval. --- Question 6: A patient returns to the clinic with persistent symptoms of intense pruritus and erythema in the external auditory canal despite initial treatment with acetic acid solution. Which topical medication should be prescribed next for suspected fungal otitis externa according to the course textbook? A. Amoxicillin B. 1% clotrimazole solution C. Alcohol-based acetic acid solution D. Hydrocortisone, neomycin, and polymyxin B combination **Answer:** B. 1% clotrimazole solution **Rationale:** Fungal otitis externa (otomycosis) → first-line is topical antifungal such as clotrimazole. --- Question 7: What is an approved use of topical tretinoin other than acne treatment? **Answer:** A. Minocycline **Rationale:** Minocycline is first-line oral antibiotic for nodulocystic acne after failed topical therapy; vancomycin not used; tetracycline is older/less used. Question 11: A 64-year-old female patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents to the clinic with a flare-up of joint pain and swelling. She has been prescribed glucocorticoids for arthritis management. Which route of administration for glucocorticoids is most appropriate for this patient to manage her inflammation while minimizing systemic toxicity? A. Oral administration B. Intravenous administration C. Intra-articular injection D. Subcutaneous injection **Answer:** C. Intra-articular injection **Rationale:** Intra-articular steroids treat local inflammation and minimize systemic AE. Question 12: A patient presents with symptoms of allergic rhinitis including nasal congestion and itching. The patient has a history of hypertension and current nasal congestion medication. Which sympathomimetic medication listed would pose the highest risk to this patient due to its potential adverse effects on systemic blood vessels? A. Phenylephrine B. Oxymetazoline C. Pseudoephedrine D. Naphazoline **Answer:** C. Pseudoephedrine **Rationale:** Pseudoephedrine → systemic alpha agonist → raises BP → avoid in HTN patients. ------------------------------------ Question 3: A patient presents with severe nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis. The patient reports using an over-the-counter topical sympathomimetic spray for the past 7 days without relief. What is the patient most likely experiencing after using the topical sympathomimetic spray for 7 days? A. Central nervous system stimulation B. Cardiovascular effects C. Rebound congestion D. Abuse potential My Answer: C. Rebound congestion Question 8: A 70-year-old male patient with a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and glaucoma presents to the clinic with symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The patient reports difficulty sleeping due to the symptoms. Considering the patient's age and medical history, which antihistamine would be the most appropriate