BIOS 251 Week 5 Online Lab - Integumentary System

Natasha Ngong Chamberlain University College of Nursing BIOS 251: Anatomy and Physiology Lab Professor Zille June 10, 2024 Week 5 Lab: Integumentary system Part A: Anatomy of the skin I.Microscopic anatomy of the skin. Complete the table using the image provided 21336020454012573002867660Structure Function A Stratum corneum Protects the body's innermost layers against injuries, toxins, and bacteria. B Stratum granulosum It helps create a waterproof barrier that prevents fluid loss from the body. C Stratum spinosum It helps to make your skin flexible and robust. D Stratum Basale The stratum basale is the epidermis' innermost layer. This is the layer in which new skin cells develop. It also contains keratinocyte stem cells, which produce keratin. It aids in the development of hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin, which protects you from the elements. E Basement membrane It separates and protects tissues. F Sensory nerve It’s involved in sensations like touch, pain, itch, warmth, and cold and transmits impulses from the receptor to the CNS (brain or the spinal cord). G Dermis It promotes thermoregulation and aids in pulling and stretching due to the presence of elastic and reticular fibers and fibroblast. H Langerhans cells They operate as the outermost guard of the cutaneous immune system and are likely to initiate the earliest reactions against pathogens detected via the skin. I Merkel cells or tactile epithelial cells They are a type of sensory receptor called mechanoreceptor. They are oval-shaped cells that connect to nerve terminals and detect light touch and superficial pressure in the skin. J keratinocytes Keratinocytes generate keratin and perform a variety of essential functions in skin restoration. They establish a tight barrier that removes unwanted substances from the body, minimizing moisture, heat, and other component loss. K melanocytes They are responsible for the pigment of skin and hair, which contributes to the appearance of the skin and protects it from UV radiation damage. 0Structure Function A Stratum corneum Protects the body's innermost layers against injuries, toxins, and bacteria. B Stratum granulosum It helps create a waterproof barrier that prevents fluid loss from the body. C Stratum spinosum It helps to make your skin flexible and robust. D Stratum Basale The stratum basale is the epidermis' innermost layer. This is the layer in which new skin cells develop. It also contains keratinocyte stem cells, which produce keratin. It aids in the development of hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin, which protects you from the elements. E Basement membrane It separates and protects tissues. F Sensory nerve It’s involved in sensations like touch, pain, itch, warmth, and cold and transmits impulses from the receptor to the CNS (brain or the spinal cord). G Dermis It promotes thermoregulation and aids in pulling and stretching due to the presence of elastic and reticular fibers and fibroblast. H Langerhans cells They operate as the outermost guard of the cutaneous immune system and are likely to initiate the earliest reactions against pathogens detected via the skin. I Merkel cells or tactile