BIOS 251 Week 6 Assignment; Case Study - Bone
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Case Study Natasha Ngong Chamberlain University College of Nursing BIOS 251: Anatomy and Physiology Professor Zille June 17, 2024 Deliverables Overactivity of which bone cells/cells is the etiological cause of osteoporosis? The etiological cause of osteoporosis is excessive osteoclast activity. Osteoclasts are specialized bone cells that are in charge of bone breakdown of bone tissue and the release of minerals like calcium into the bloodstream. An imbalance between bone resorption and production results in a net loss of bone density, making bones weaker and more susceptible to fractures. Describe the difference between osteopenia and osteoporosis. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are bone density illnesses characterized by varying degrees of bone loss and fracture risk. Osteopenia is when bone mineral density (BMD) is lower than normal peak BMD but not low enough to be considered osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a more advanced condition marked by dramatically decreased bone density and bone tissue degeneration, which leads to increased bone fragility and fracture risk. What is osteomalacia? What is the cause of osteomalacia? Osteomalacia is when the bones soften due to faulty bone mineralization. This problem is usually caused by a shortage of vitamin D or issues with its metabolism, resulting in insufficient calcium and phosphate levels needed for proper bone formation and preservation. Explain in detail the physiological role that parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D3 play in regulating normal blood calcium levels. The regulation of blood calcium levels is an important physiological process that involves the coordinated effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D3
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