PHIL 347 Week 2 Checkpoint Quiz.

Week 2 Checkpoint Quiz Question 1 Briefly state how the text defines “claim.” Your Answer: The text defines a claim as the statement that the maker of the argument seeks to show to be accurate or probably true. So basically, a claim is the argument's conclusion that must prove to know if the claim is valid or not. Question 2 Reread the section in the text entitled “Two Confusions to Avoid” in Chapter 5. From what you read there, construct a definition of the term “argument” that includes both what the term is, in the context of this chapter, and what it is not. Your Answer: The term argument refers to a statement that a person made and the reason behind that statement. An argument can also refer to a set of reasons to persuade others who are right or wrong. Depends on the argument that is proved, the people presenting the claim can be respectful and civil or disrespectful, leading to a quarrel. Question 3 What questions does the text suggest we ask to distinguish conclusions and reasons? Your Answer: The questions that the text suggests we ask to distinguish conclusions and reason are what is the conclusion that the speaker is trying to establish are true? Or, what is the decision that the speaker is trying to explain or justify? And what considerations does the speaker present to establish the truth of that claim or the basis of that decision? Those questions and some common words or phrases will help us understand when the person is giving reasons or conclusions. Question 4