NURS 6501 Week 2 Practice Quiz

How does acetaminophen cause cell injury? • Formation of toxic metabolites • Modification of the cell membrane sulfhydryl group • Inhibition of RNA polymerase II • Reduction of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood • Formation of oxygen-containing free radicals Which of the following will result from reduced ac琀椀vity of Na ⁺ /K ⁺ - ATPase? • Shrinkage of the intracellular organelles • Increased intracellular K⁺ concentration • Increased extracellular Ca⁺⁺ concentration • Increased intracellular Na⁺ concentration • Movement of water to the extracellular compartment Which of the following will result from the deac琀椀va琀椀on of oxidative phosphorylation? • Accumulation of lactic acid • Decreased intracellular H⁺ concentration • Increased protein synthesis • Decreased inorganic phosphate concentration • Increased glycogen synthesis Which of the following is responsible for ac琀椀va琀椀ng the apoptosis pathway in a mitochondrial injury? • Cytochrome P450 • Chloride ions • Proton ions • Cytochrome C • Pyruvate The changes made by a cell in response to injury is referred to as...? • ...remodeling. • ...transformation. • ...trauma. • ...chemical toxins. • ...infections. • ...normal levels of oxygen. • ...high storage levels of vitamins. Cancer is a response to cell injury ac琀椀ng through which of the following mechanisms? • Loss of genetic integrity • Loss of ATP generation • Loss of membrane structure • Loss of protein synthetic capacity • Aging Programmed cell death is called...? • ...phagocytosis. • ...necrosis. • ...mitosis. • ...cell adaptation. • ...apoptosis. The expression used to point out the fact that laboratory 昀椀ndings from tes琀椀ng an organism in vitro are not always re昀氀ected when applied to an organism in vivo is...? • ..."In vitro artificia". • ..."In vitro milieu". • ..."In vivo artificia". • ..."In vivo milieu". • ..."In vivo veritas". Which of the following is a common feature of the physiologic process in the body? • Degrading extracellular molecules taken in by the cell through endocytosis • Synthesis of glycogen and long-chain fatty acids • Defense against cancer cells • Packaging proteins destined to be exported from the cell What role does mTOR play in autophagy regulation? • Labeling autophagosomes for degradation • Activation of the starvation signaling pathways • Inhibition of the LC3B proteins • Inhibition of the Atg gene products • Activation of the Akt protein Which of the following upregulates the mTOR signaling pathway? • Adenosine monophosphate • Rapamycin • Insulin • Starvation • Stress A maladap琀椀ve response of the heart to high blood pressure will lead to...? • ...preservation of peripheral perfusion. • ...increased blood supply to the myocytes. • ...increased heart contractility. • ...heart failure. • ...decreased size of the myocytes. Which type of adapta琀椀on occurs in the heart in cases of hypertension? • Atrophy • Dysplasia • Hyperplasia • Hypertrophy • Metaplasia • Right coronary artery occlusion What part of the heart does the lef t anterior descending artery a昀昀ect most? • Right ventricle • Right atrium • Left ventricle • Left atrium What principally drives the coagula琀椀on cascade a昀琀er an injury? • Common pathway • Intrinsic